Instruction for drivers in the autumn-winter period. Accounting for driver briefings on traffic safety. Model Instructions for Drivers
MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
ORDER
COLLECTION OF INSTRUCTIONS FOR DRIVERS
FOR TRAFFIC SAFETY
Instruction N 1. General duties of drivers
General duties of drivers
The driver of a power-driven vehicle must have:
Certificate for the right to drive a vehicle of this category;
Registration documents for the vehicle (technical certificate, registration certificate, etc.);
A waybill or itinerary, documents for the transported cargo, as well as a license card.
The driver must:
Before leaving, check and ensure proper operation on the way. technical condition vehicle.
It is forbidden to move if there is a malfunction of the working brake system, steering, coupling device (as part of a train), unlit headlights and tail lights (on roads without artificial lighting at night or in conditions of insufficient visibility), the windshield wiper is inactive on the driver’s side (during rain or snowfall)
To pass, at the request of police officers, an examination for the state of intoxication;
- provide a vehicle:
a) to police officers to transport those injured in accidents Vehicle, travel to the place of natural disaster;
b) police officers federal bodies state security, tax police in cases of urgency;
c) medical workers traveling in the same direction to provide medical care;
d) medical workers, police officers and federal state security agencies, combatants and freelance police officers for transporting citizens in need of urgent medical care to medical institutions.
The driver of the persons who used the vehicle must require a certificate or make an entry in the waybill indicating the duration of the trip, distance traveled, surname, position, number official ID, organization name, and from medical workers- get a coupon of the established sample.
In the event of a traffic accident, the driver involved in it must:
Stop the vehicle immediately, turn on the emergency alarm and put up an emergency stop sign;
Do not move items related to the incident;
Take measures to provide first aid to the victims;
Call an ambulance or send the injured by passing transport, and if this is not possible, then deliver them to the nearest medical institution in your vehicle;
Report the incident to the police and to your company;
Write down the names and addresses of eyewitnesses and wait for the arrival of traffic police.
The driver is prohibited from:
Drive a vehicle in a state of intoxication, under the influence of drugs that impair reaction and attention, in a sick or tired state;
Transfer control of the vehicle to persons who are not recorded in the waybill and who do not have driving license this category of vehicle;
Leave objects (cargo) on the road that interfere with the movement of other vehicles.
Instruction N 2. Duties of the driver before leaving and when working on the line
Obligations of the driver before leaving and while working on the line
Before leaving the line, the driver must:
Pass a medical examination before the flight;
Make sure the completeness and technical serviceability of the car;
Upon receipt of the travel documentation, present to the dispatcher your certificate for the right to drive a vehicle.
When checking the technical serviceability of the car, pay special attention to:
The operation of the engine, brake system, steering of auxiliary equipment (windshield wipers, lighting devices, light and sound signaling), coupling and support devices (as part of a train, tractor), body or cab door locks, locks on the sides of the loading platform, door control drive (for buses), heating systems, speedometer;
The condition of the wheels, tires, suspension, glass, state license plates, the appearance of the car;
No leakage of fuel, oil, water;
The presence of an emergency stop sign, a complete first-aid kit, a fire extinguisher (the bus has 2 fire extinguishers), hammers for breaking glass;
2 wheel chocks (for buses and vehicles with a maximum permitted weight of over 3.5 tons).
In case of detection of malfunctions, in the presence of which, according to the rules traffic, the operation of vehicles is prohibited, it is prohibited to enter the line until they are eliminated.
The driver does not have the right to go on a flight if his rest between shifts was shorter than twice the duration of work in the previous shift, as well as with an expired certificate of periodic medical examination.
On the line:
Follow only the indicated route. Observe the established norms for the capacity of the bus and the carrying capacity of the car;
Start driving and move only with closed car doors, except for the cases of driving with open doors (on ice crossings);
Avoid sharp maneuvers, move off smoothly and also brake smoothly, increase and slow down the speed of movement gradually, do not make sharp turns;
Maintain the speed of movement, taking into account road, weather conditions and traffic signs;
If a malfunction of the car occurs that threatens traffic safety, take measures to eliminate it, and if this is not possible, call technical assistance;
While driving, do not be distracted from driving, do not engage in conversations with passengers, do not leave workplace to a complete stop of the car;
When forced to stop, make sure that the car is safe and does not interfere with other vehicles, turn off the engine, brake the car with a parking brake and turn on a lower gear, and in mountainous conditions, in addition, put shoes under the wheels (better - wedge-shaped);
On descents, do not disconnect the transmission from the engine, before long descents - ascents, stop to check the operation of the brakes;
If blinded by the light of an oncoming vehicle and loss of visibility, without changing lanes, immediately slow down, turn on the hazard warning lights and stop;
In the event of a traffic accident, provide assistance to the injured and report the incident to your company and the police as soon as possible;
Follow the instructions of the police, stop the car upon request and present travel documentation, observing the rules of stopping;
In the dark and with insufficient visibility, turn on the high or low beam headlights;
If a drowsy state occurs when working on a route at night, stop, get out of the car, warm up and do some physical exercises;
When driving, do not use acceleration-coasting, do not disconnect the engine from the transmission, except when approaching the intended stop at a speed of no more than 40 km per hour;
When passing public transport stops and pedestrian crossings, the driver must move at a speed that ensures traffic safety, or stop to let pass pedestrians who have entered the crossing;
Immediately upon arrival at the facility, at the auto company, check with the dispatcher actual time of arrival and inform him about the traffic conditions on the route, at the loading and unloading areas, present the car to the mechanic on duty to check its technical condition, informing him of the technical malfunctions discovered during work on the line. Get a post-flight medical checkup.
The driver is prohibited from:
Exceed the maximum speed limit technical specification of the car, as well as indicated on the identification sign "Speed limit" installed on the car;
Transportation of people in a towed bus and in the back of a towed truck.
In fog, rain, hail, snowstorm, dust storm, when the visibility from the driver's cab is less than 50 m, the driver of the intercity and suburban bus routes decides to temporarily stop traffic.
Instruction N 3. Work in difficult road conditions
Work in difficult road conditions
1. When working on mountain roads:
Before leaving the line, be sure to get information from the dispatcher about the state of the road, the weather and traffic conditions on the route;
On sections of the road marked with the sign "Steep descent", where oncoming traffic is difficult, when driving downhill, give way to vehicles moving uphill;
Remember the prohibition:
a) driving with the clutch or gear disengaged in areas marked with the sign "Steep descent";
b) towing on a flexible hitch;
c) any towing in icy conditions.
2. Driving through ice crossings and ferry crossings:
Transportation of passengers in buses on ice crossings is strictly prohibited;
Start moving through ice crossings on ferries only if the waybill contains the written permission of the dispatcher, disembarking passengers;
Before leaving for a flight on a route where there are such crossings, get a special briefing.
3. When driving through railway crossings:
In all cases, when approaching a railway crossing, the driver must make sure that there is no approaching train (locomotive, trolley) within sight, follow the requirements of road signs, traffic lights, markings, the position of the barrier and the instructions of the crossing attendant;
On out-of-town routes, before moving, it is necessary to stop and continue moving only after making sure that there is no train approaching the crossing;
In the event of a forced stop at a crossing, immediately disembark passengers and take all measures to free the crossing. If it is not possible to remove the car from the crossing, then it is necessary:
a) if possible, send two people along the tracks in both directions from the crossing for 1000 meters or one person in the direction of the worst visibility of the track, explaining to them how to transmit a stop signal to the driver of the approaching train;
b) stay near the car and give a general alarm signal;
c) when a train appears, run towards it, giving a stop signal, such a signal is a circular movement of the hand: during the day with a patch of bright matter or some clearly visible object, at night with a torch or lantern.
The driver is prohibited from:
a) carry agricultural, road, construction and other machines and mechanisms through the crossing in a non-transport position;
b) to cross railway tracks in an unspecified place;
c) arbitrarily open the barrier or bypass it;
d) go to the crossing:
When the barrier is closed or starting to close;
At a traffic signal forbidding;
At the forbidding signal of the duty officer for the crossing;
If there is a traffic jam before the move;
Drive around with exit to the lane of oncoming traffic vehicles standing in front of the crossing;
e) stop at the crossing;
f) disembark (board) passengers and park closer than 50 m from the railway crossing;
g) to overtake at the level crossing and closer than 100 m in front of it.
Instruction N 4. Driver work and parking at night
Driving and parking at night
When driving at night or other conditions of insufficient visibility of less than 300 meters (fog, heavy rain, snowstorm, as well as in tunnels), the high or low beam headlights, the road train identification sign, and the side lights on the trailer must be turned on.
Adaptation of the driver to the movement in the dark does not occur immediately. At this time, the number of violations of the rules for the use of lighting devices increases one and a half times than in other months.
Light traffic at night is accompanied by a misleading impression of safety: the driver thinks that the road at night is excellent conditions for fast driving.
But the road landmarks that the driver used during the day are poorly or not visible at all in the dark, so you can drive into a ditch, fly out to the side of the road or the oncoming lane.
Driving with an oncoming car is especially dangerous, although the danger does not come from it, but from some kind of obstacle: a cyclist, a pedestrian, who may be on the road. The main beam must be switched to low beam at least 150 m before the vehicle moving towards you. When blinded, the driver must, without changing lanes, turn on the alarm, slow down or stop. It is very dangerous to smoke while driving a car. the flame of a lighter or match can blind you. If you smoke, ventilate the car: the substances contained in tobacco smoke reduce visual acuity.
When returning from a long trip at night, make short stops that break the monotony of traffic in the dark.
A few minutes is enough to restore the level of attention necessary for traffic safety.
When stopping and parking on unlit sections of the road at night or in conditions of poor visibility, the side lights must be turned on on the car, and in conditions of insufficient visibility, the dipped beam headlights, front and rear fog lights can also be turned on. For a road train - illumination of the identification sign "Road train".
In the event of a forced stop on the vehicle, an emergency light alarm must be switched on and an emergency stop sign must be immediately displayed at a distance of at least 15 m from the vehicle (in a built-up area) and 30 m outside a built-up area.
The driver is not allowed to leave the car on the roadway. He must take all possible measures to take him out of the carriageway.
Instruction N 5. Features of the work of the driver in the spring and summer
Features of the work of the driver in the spring-summer period
With the beginning of snowmelt, a lot of spring water accumulates on the roads. Under a layer of water on the roadway, bumps and pits can be hidden. When driving on such roads, it is necessary to drive with extreme caution so as not to damage the car, damage the chassis and avoid accidents.
After the driver has driven through the water, the operation of the brake should be checked immediately.
When driving through water, the brake pads get wet, the coefficient of friction decreases sharply, and the brakes do not work. Slowly depress the brake pedal and hold until effective braking is restored. In this case, you need to move at low speed.
Earthen roadsides from a large amount of moisture soak and become viscous. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid exits onto a wet roadside, because. The vehicle may pull away from the curb and roll over, especially at high speeds. The minimum speed is selected.
With the onset of warm days, a large number of pedestrians, cyclists and drivers of individual vehicles appear on the streets and roads. Driver, be especially careful on the roads!
Pedestrians, cyclists and drivers of individual vehicles have very low knowledge of traffic rules and driving skills. They can suddenly make an unexpected maneuver, so be especially careful when traveling with this category of drivers.
Morning frosts cover the road with a thin layer of ice, the tires have almost no grip, the coefficient of adhesion, which on a good road can vary between 0.7 or 0.9, drops to 0.05 in icy conditions. What should be done to move in relative safety when the car seems to be floating on the road?
If you are driving on ice, our advice is: do not brake hard, it is not only useless, but also dangerous. Sudden braking leads to blocking of the wheels and an increase in the braking distance, and most often to the loss of a controlled skid; when driving through a dangerous area, try to keep the speed constant, use the accelerator pedal very carefully, smoothly, gently. No unnecessary, especially sharp movements of the steering wheel. If it is necessary to stop, use the engine brake or intermittent braking, i.e. "pressed-released".
In the event of a skid, the front wheels must be turned in the direction of the skid using engine braking.
When approaching bridges or overpasses, be especially careful. There, the ice crust on the road appears earlier than everywhere else, disappears later. In these areas, avoid sudden movements with the steering wheel, gas, brake. On a slippery road, changing lanes can be troublesome, and overtaking even more so. So it's best to stay in your lane.
In the oncoming and passing direction on a wet road from the wheels of the car, dirty splashes fall on the windshield and make it difficult to see. Therefore, you can not go to the line with idle wipers.
Summer is the time for school holidays. "Peak" of children's road traffic injuries falls on this time. Driver, remember - you should be especially careful when passing schools, playgrounds, as well as on sections of streets and roads where the sudden appearance of children is possible.
Instruction N 6. Driver work in the autumn-winter period
The work of the driver in the autumn winter period
Autumn came. Rain, fog, leaf fall, light morning frosts - all this makes the autumn road dangerous and difficult for those who are driving. And only a driver who takes all precautions can skillfully overcome difficult sections of the road.
On wet pavement and a road covered with leaves, overtaking and sudden braking are dangerous.
Driver, remember: high speed on corners, on wet roads and in ice is completely unacceptable. Before turning, it is necessary to reduce the speed to a minimum without applying sudden braking. But if a skid occurs, the following measures should be taken without fuss and nervousness: without engaging the clutch, turn the steering wheel in the direction of the skid, slowly braking, and take the car out of the situation.
Intersections and public transport stops are especially dangerous, when the road is covered with snow, they become especially slippery due to the constant braking of cars.
General rules for driving on slippery roads
1. Slow down.
2. Increase your distance and lateral spacing from other vehicles.
3. Perform all actions smoothly, do not make any sudden movements.
It must be remembered that in the autumn-winter time daylight hours are shorter, and the driver has to use more headlights. Strictly observe the rules of the road, but do not blind each other at the junctions, switch the headlights to low beam.
When driving in rain and snow, you must remember that visibility is reduced, since the wipers clean only part of the front glass.
The braking distance increases, which means that the general danger of movement increases. When driving uphill, select a gear so that you do not have to shift until the hill is completed.
When descending, do not depress the clutch, drive the car at speed, slowing down gently.
Do not leave with a broken vehicle. Serviceable brakes, steering, tires, lighting devices - the key to safe work on the line.
Driver, do not give sharp sound and light signals when pedestrians appear on the roadway, because, in a hurry to get off the road, a pedestrian can make a sudden movement, slip and fall in front of a moving car.
Drivers! Driving safety on a slippery road depends only on you. Experience and skill, attentiveness and discipline are a reliable guarantee of trouble-free work in the autumn-winter season.
Instruction N 7. Procedure for emergency evacuation of passengers in case of traffic accidents for bus drivers involved in the transport of passengers
Procedure for emergency evacuation of passengers
in traffic accidents
for bus drivers engaged in the transport of passengers
In the event of a traffic accident that threatens the life and health of passengers, the responsibility for ensuring their emergency evacuation from the passenger compartment rests with the driver.
The bus driver must:
Stop the bus, brake it with a handbrake, immediately turn off the engine and open all the doors of the passenger compartment;
Manage the evacuation of passengers from the passenger compartment;
Give a command to passengers, based on the degree of threatening danger, about the procedure for evacuating from the bus, creating the most favorable conditions and excluding panic.
For bus passengers, the evacuation order must include:
Separation of passengers, starting from the middle of the cabin, into two groups and exit direction for each group through the nearest door;
Priority exit of passengers located in the accumulation areas and in the aisles between the seats;
Exit of injured passengers, disabled passengers and passengers with children;
Exit of other passengers.
For passengers of buses with only one exit, the evacuation command should provide for the priority exit of injured passengers, disabled passengers and passengers with children, and then the exit of passengers, starting from the rear seats of the bus.
In cases where, due to the nature of the traffic accident (bus overturning, fire in the passenger compartment, etc.), it is not possible to open the doors, or evacuation through the doors does not ensure the rescue of all passengers, the bus driver:
Gives a command to passengers to open hatches, remove existing special hammers from window mounts, break glass with them and carry out evacuation from the passenger compartment through hatches, window openings, providing each other with all possible assistance;
If the bus is not equipped with special hammers, transfers cash to passengers for the destruction of glass, window openings of the passenger compartment (hammers, mounts, wrenches, etc.);
Personally participates in the evacuation of passengers from the bus;
Organizes, upon completion of the evacuation of passengers, the provision of first aid to the victims and the call of the "Ambulance" or sending them to the nearest medical institution and uses for these purposes all the cash at the scene and vehicles passing by.
Instruction N 8. For drivers when transporting children on buses
For drivers transporting children on buses
The bus driver must remember that when transporting children, he is entrusted with the most precious, most precious, and therefore, he must be perfectly healthy, collected, feel confident and, in addition, fulfill the following requirements:
1. Check the technical condition of the vehicle, i.e. comply with all articles of the Rules of the Road, which refers to the technical condition and equipment of vehicles.
2. Remember that at night, in windy, rainy weather, with snowfall, with the windshield wiper not working, movement is prohibited.
3. Pick up and drop off children only in safe places.
4. All windows must be closed to prevent the child from leaning out, which is dangerous when overtaking or avoiding vehicles.
5. The buses must have a senior (representative of the organization sending children), who is obliged to monitor the boarding, transportation and disembarkation of children.
Surname of the senior without fail must be entered in the driver's waybill. The driver must instruct the elder about the rules for transporting children. The latter is obliged to comply with all requirements and at the same time bear responsibility for the consequences.
6. According to the Rules of the Road, when transporting a group of children in front and behind the vehicle, square identification signs of yellow color (250-300 mm in size depending on the type of vehicle) with a red border (width of 1/10 of the side) and with black image of the road sign symbol 1.21 "Children".
7. Transportation of people must be carried out on vehicles specially designed for this purpose (buses). Before starting the bus, the driver must make sure that all conditions for the carriage of passengers are provided. The driver is obliged to start driving only with the doors closed and not open them until it comes to a complete stop.
8. The number of children transported should not exceed the number of seats on the bus.
9. The speed of movement should not exceed 40 km/h.
12. When transporting children in a convoy, overtaking is strictly prohibited.
13. On wet asphalt, with limited visibility, the speed should not exceed 20 km/h. The interval of movement is chosen by the driver himself, depending on the speed of movement, climatic conditions, and the state of transport.
14. The dispatcher on duty is prohibited from issuing a waybill without a written opinion of the doctor about the driver's state of health.
15. The head of the operation service, and in his absence, the senior dispatcher must personally instruct the driver about the route, about the condition of the carriageway along this route, about dangerous places and precautions, during long-distance travel about times and places of rest.
16. When transporting children, the head of operations, together with the head of the column, must determine in advance the drivers from among the experienced ones, as well as allocate buses with the shortest service life (preferably the first, second year).
17. The head of the QCD (mechanic) is personally obliged to check these buses, their technical condition. If a technical malfunction is detected, submit an application for RMM. The head of the repair shop is personally obliged to check the elimination of the identified malfunctions and hand it over to the head of the QCD (mechanic) against signature.
18. When buses are released to the line for transporting children with a service life of more than 2 years, the chief engineer is obliged to personally check and give permission for the operation of these buses.
19. The head of the operation service is obliged to provide these buses with all the necessary equipment.
20. When the bus is traveling outside the city, the head of the enterprise appoints the head of the column the day before. The column leader accepts the column in accordance with the specified requirements and bears full responsibility.
21. Moving off is allowed at the end of boarding all buses. Disembarkation is allowed when all buses come to a complete stop at the parking lot.
Instruction N 9. Obligations of the driver of a vehicle engaged in the transportation of people, and requirements for rolling stock
Responsibilities of the driver of a vehicle
in the transportation of people, and requirements for rolling stock
The driver must:
1. Before leaving the line:
Check the technical condition of the car, paying special attention to the control and braking units;
Check the condition of the sides, their locks, the reliability of fastening the awning (booth), the strength of the fastening of the backs and seats, the operation of the alarm from the body to the cab and the lighting of the body;
Pass a pre-trip medical examination, as well as briefing on the rules for transporting people and the state of the route.
2. Upon arrival at the customer's vehicle, present the waybill.
3. Boarding and disembarking of people should be carried out in specially provided places or at the edge of the sidewalk (roadside) only after the car has stopped.
4. Landing of people should be carried out only in the presence of the person responsible for transportation (whose name is indicated on the waybill), monitor the placement of passengers in the body (cabin), forbid them to stand in the body and sit on the sides when transported by truck.
5. Do not allow the passage of people in the body (salon) in an amount exceeding established norm, as well as people who are not related to the work performed, and passengers who are in a state of alcohol intoxication.
6. Require persons in the car to unconditionally comply with safety regulations and traffic safety.
7. Before starting the movement, make sure that all conditions are provided for the safe transportation of passengers. The driver is forbidden to start moving when people are on the steps, fenders and sitting on the sides of the car.
8. Move the car from its place and stop smoothly, without jerks, drive through bumps, potholes at a reduced speed. It is forbidden to turn off the engine and move "freewheel" when driving downhill and in ice on a slippery road.
9. When driving a truck, be especially careful, ensure its movement, regardless of the number of passengers, at a speed of no more than 60 km / h.
10. Be extremely attentive and careful in the area of warning signs.
11. When the car is forced to stop, take measures to prevent its spontaneous movement.
12. Transportation of people in the body of a truck must be carried out by drivers with category "C" (when transporting more than 8 people, including passengers in the cabin, having categories "C" and "D") and the experience of driving vehicles of this category for more than 3 years.
rolling stock requirements
1. Passengers are transported, as a rule, by buses. Transportation of passengers on specially equipped trucks is allowed.
2. Transportation of passengers is allowed on vehicles with reliable operation of components, assemblies and equipment that ensure traffic safety in any conditions. The use of trucks with an expired standard service life (by years and mileage) for the transportation of people is prohibited.
3. All vehicles intended for the transportation of people must be equipped with a first aid kit, an emergency stop sign, and fire extinguishing equipment in accordance with the Rules of the Road.
4. The technical condition of motor vehicles must guarantee the safety of the vehicle.
It is forbidden to install tires:
With through damage or rupture of cord threads;
Not corresponding to the vehicle model in terms of size and permissible load;
Having a residual tread height of less than: passenger cars - 1.6 mm, trucks - 1 mm, buses - 2 mm;
There is no bolt (nut) fastening or there are cracks in the wheel disk;
Studs of different types or with different tread patterns are installed on one axle.
5. The heating device in the cab must operate without interruption.
Application for heating the cabin of a truck, bus interior and passenger car, booths for transporting passengers (for truck) exhaust gas is prohibited. The concentration of harmful substances in passenger locations should not exceed sanitary standard(carbon monoxide - 20 mg cubic meters, acrolein - 0.7 mg cubic meters).
6. Buses and cars must meet the following requirements:
a) body doors must have serviceable locking devices that exclude the possibility of their spontaneous opening while driving, and have devices for forced opening and closing by the driver;
b) additional reflectors (mirrors) must be equipped that allow the driver to observe the boarding of passengers and the order in the cabin;
c) the engine hood (for wagon-type buses) must be securely sealed;
d) the muffler pipe must extend beyond the overall dimensions of the body by 3.5 cm;
e) Cars must be equipped with seat belts.
7. The total capacity of buses (number of seats) is:
RAF-977DM, UAZ-452A, "Kubanets" - 10 people.
RAF-2203 - 11 people
Rotational car "Spetsselstroymontazh" - 17 people.
"Kuban" - 20 people.
KAVZ-685 - 21 people
PAZ-627 - 23 people
PAZ-3201 - 26 people
LAZ-3202, OBIAZ-677 - 28 people
LAZ-699N - 41 people
8. The number of passengers transported in trucks should not exceed the number of seats equipped for seating.
9. A truck must be equipped with an awning (removable booth), a ladder for boarding and disembarking passengers, body lighting, an alarm system from the body to the cab.
10. When transporting people, a truck with an onboard platform must be equipped with seats fixed at a height of 0.3-0.5 m from the floor and at least 0.3 m from the top edge of the side, and when transporting children, in addition, the sides must have a height of at least 0.8 m from the floor level. On the wall of the cab facing the car body, there should be inscriptions: "Do not stand in the back!", "Do not sit on the sides!".
Passage in the body of a truck not equipped for the carriage of people is permitted only to persons accompanying the cargo or following its receipt, provided that they are provided with a convenient place located below the level of the sides.
At the same time, measures must be taken to prevent people from falling from the body. Transported materials are placed over the entire area of the body, and piece materials are folded and fixed in such a way that the possibility of their arbitrary displacement when the vehicle is moving is excluded.
11. When transporting groups of children by bus or truck, identification signs "Transportation of children" must be installed in front and behind, and during daylight hours, in addition, dipped headlights must be turned on.
12. When transporting groups of children on a truck with a van body, it is necessary that at least 2 adults accompanying these children are in the back of it.
Outside the cabin of a dump truck, tank truck, tractor and other specialized vehicles, self-propelled machines and mechanisms, the design of which is not adapted for the transport of people, as well as in the body of a cargo motorcycle;
On a cargo trailer (semi-trailer);
In excess of the amount provided for by the technical characteristics of the vehicle, excluding children under 12 years of age.
Instruction N 10. On traffic safety and safety for drivers sent on business trips and long-distance flights (more than one work shift)
On traffic safety and safety
for drivers on business trips
and long-haul flights (more than one work shift)
1. When working on the line and on the route, the driver must:
Follow the rules of the road, incl. maintain speed, taking into account road conditions and traffic intensity;
Monitor the readings of instruments, the operation of all mechanisms of the car;
In the event of a malfunction in the car that threatens traffic safety, take measures to eliminate the damage, and if this is not possible, go to the nearest repair base or return to the garage with precautions;
When stopping the car, take measures to prevent collision with passing vehicles, choose the safest area for stopping and parking or drive off the carriageway, turn on and wipe the signal lights, put an emergency stop sign. When leaving the cabin, make sure that there are no oncoming vehicles;
On country roads, after every hour of movement, make a short stop, get out of the cab to warm up and visually inspect the main components of the car;
Take special care when driving in conditions of ice, fog, limited visibility, on turns, uphill and downhill, railway. crossings, bridges and crossings, when driving at night and on an unfamiliar route, and in case of sudden meteorological changes in the weather (severe snowstorm, hurricane) that captured on the way, drive to the nearest settlement and stay there until the safety on the highway is completely clarified.
2. The driver is prohibited from:
Drive a car under the influence of alcohol or drugs, sick or overtired;
Transfer driving to persons who do not have a driving license or who are in a state of alcohol and drug intoxication;
Heating of the engine, gearbox, rear axle and other vehicle components with open fire;
Use the car for personal gain;
Transportation of passengers on trucks, if they are not recorded in the waybill;
Allow persons who do not have the right to repair the car, carry out repairs at loading and unloading sites, in the area of \u200b\u200bmechanisms;
Rest or sleep in the cab and body of cars with the engine running.
3. When driving at night with one headlight, the light must be on the left side.
4. If during certain work the driver finds himself in dangerous conditions, he is obliged to stop work, inform his administration or the one at whose disposal he is, make a note on the waybill and continue working only after the danger has been eliminated.
5. Special precautions must be observed when working on road trains during their loading and unloading, when coupling and uncoupling, ensuring reliable coupling devices, securing safety cables, observing the speed of movement, and taking precautions when passing turns.
6. During the repair of the car on the line, the driver is obliged to comply with safety regulations and countermeasures. fire safety set for car repair and maintenance in the garage.
If the volume of repairs exceeds the permitted line, and the driver does not have the necessary devices and tools, repairs are prohibited.
7. When working on the side of the road, work only on the right in the direction of travel.
8. When giving the car back, the driver must make sure that there are no vehicles, people or any objects. In case of poor visibility, reverse feed with a signalman.
9. Crossing cars ford and on ice is allowed only in places marked with special signs and signs.
10. When inflating tires on the line, be sure to use a safety fork or wheel, which should be placed with the locking ring down to the ground.
11. Do not wipe or wash the engine with gasoline or suck ethyl gasoline in your mouth.
12. When starting the engine with the handle, check the neutral position of the gear lever, do not grasp the handle.
13. Open the radiator cap of a running engine carefully, protecting your face and hands from steam burns.
14. In rainy weather, during snowfall, be careful when entering and exiting the cab, promptly clearing dirt, snow and ice from the cab steps.
15. When loading a car, the driver is obliged to monitor the correct placement of cargo in the body, compliance with the permitted dimensions, its stowage, fastening and linking, ensuring the reliability and safety of transportation.
Instruction N 11. Providing first aid to victims of a traffic accident
Providing first aid to the injured
in a traffic accident
In a road traffic accident, various types of injuries can occur.
First aid, provided correctly and in a timely manner at the scene, can be of the greatest importance for the fate of the victim. This is all the more important given that many road traffic accidents occur on roads at a considerable distance from populated areas and medical facilities.
For the correct provision of self-help and mutual assistance, certain training and skills are required, as well as the availability of a set of dressings and medicines.
I. Wound care
With any damage to the skin and deep-lying tissues, it is necessary to treat the edges of the wound and apply a bandage.
1. Do not wash the wound, do not remove foreign bodies from the wound. Wipe the skin along the edges of the wound with a sterile material, making movements from the wounded surface to intact skin.
2. Lubricate the skin around the wound with iodine with the same movements, do not fill the wound with iodine.
3. Close the wound with sterile material, without touching the part of the material adjacent to the wound with your hands. Put on a bandage.
II. Stop bleeding from a wound
A. Arterial (blood of a bright scarlet color) splashes with a pulsating stream.
1. Take measures to stop bleeding with a pressure bandage. To do this, a sterile material is placed on the wound, a tightly rolled bandage or a piece of foam rubber, or sponge rubber is placed on top of this material, tight bandaging is performed.
2. If a tight bandage does not help, a rubber tourniquet is applied above the site of damage to the vessel. In the absence of a tourniquet, a twist is applied from a belt, scarf, etc., which is tightened and fixed with a stick.
It is better to apply the tourniquet on clothes or a soft pad without folds. The tourniquet can be kept for no more than 1.5-2 hours.
3. In case of very severe bleeding, you must immediately press the vessel above the site of bleeding with your fingers to the bone. This will give you time to orient yourself and choose a way to stop the bleeding. The vessel should be pressed against the bone with the thumb or four other fingers so that they lie along the artery.
4. When a bleeding vessel is located in a place where it is impossible to apply a tourniquet (axillary region, inguinal region), bleeding can be stopped by sharply bending the limb in the nearest joints and thus squeezing the vessel. The limb must be fixed in this position with a bandage made of a scarf or other durable material.
B. Venous and capillary (dark red blood flows or red blood oozes).
A sterile, moderately pressing bandage is applied.
III. bruises
Signs: swelling, bruising and pain, some limitation of movement is possible. Help - peace, cold.
IV. stretching
Signs: swelling, bruising and severe pain in the joint area, limitation of active movements in the joint.
Help: calm, cold. A soft fixing bandage is applied to the ankle, knee, elbow joints (8-shaped).
V. Dislocation
With a dislocation, the articular surfaces are displaced, often with a rupture of the articular bag. Signs: change in the shape of the joint (limb length), sharp pain, especially when trying to move. Active, passive movements in the joint are practically impossible. Help: creating complete immobility in the joints, as in a fracture (see below). Do not try to correct the dislocation!
VI. fracture
A fracture occurs when the integrity of the bone is broken. Fragments of bone may remain in place (non-displaced fractures) or may be displaced. Fractures without damage to the skin - closed. When the skin is damaged under the fracture site - open fractures. The main signs of a fracture: sharp pain, swelling, bruising. Violation of movement in the limb with fractures with displacement - deformation of the limbs. There may be a crunch at the fracture site, abnormal mobility, but these signs should not be specifically identified. A number of signs of a fracture are similar to those of a bruise and sprain. At the slightest suspicion of a fracture, care should be the same as for an obvious fracture.
1. Help with a broken limb. Do not set the fracture! With an open fracture, do not touch the bone fragments. Apply a sterile bandage (see section "Wounds"). The main thing is to ensure complete immobility of damaged bones. To do this, a special transport tire, board, ski, stick, metal plate, etc. is attached to the injured limb with a bandage, scarf or other improvised means. A splint or improvised tool should be applied in such a way as to capture the joints above and below the fracture site. A broken limb can be fixed to a healthy limb (leg) or torso (arm).
2. Help with fractures of the clavicle, scapula. Hang your hand on a scarf, the same follows after fixing a fracture of the hand, forearm.
3. Help with fractures of the pelvis and spine. The main symptoms: pain in the pelvis, spine, often limited movement in the limbs. Danger if no help is rendered: damage internal organs, shock, spinal cord injury.
Basic help: lay the victim in a horizontal position on his back, on a hard, smooth surface. For pain in the cervical spine - fix the head and neck by wrapping them on the sides with some soft objects. When shifting the victim - fix the head and neck.
VII. jaw fracture
Signs: severe pain, swelling, possibility of bleeding from the mouth or nose. Help: a sling-like bandage that goes over the chin and presses the lower jaw to the upper. In case of loss of consciousness of the victim - position on the side.
VIII. Traumatic brain injury
It includes a concussion and contusion of the brain, a fracture of the bones of the skull.
1. Signs of concussion: short-term loss of consciousness, headache, dizziness, nausea, general weakness. First aid: lying position, transport in lying position. With a brain injury, prolonged loss of consciousness, vomiting and a state of loss of consciousness with the ingress of vomit into the respiratory tract, retraction of the tongue, which makes breathing difficult, is possible. Help to prevent vomit from entering the respiratory tract, as well as blood and reduce the retraction of the tongue (in the absence of a pelvic fracture): the patient should be laid on his side, placing something under his head so that the head does not hang down, but is not raised ( see below section "Impaired breathing").
2. A fracture of the skull may not differ in its signs from a concussion and a bruise of the brain, but in some cases it is manifested by the presence of a wound in the area of the fracture, a slight or abundant outflow of blood or a clear liquid from the nose, mouth or ear. Help is the same as for a brain injury: apply a sterile bandage to the wound.
IX. Conditions that are directly life-threatening
1. Shock. Occurs with severe injuries, accompanied by severe pain irritation. Warning: exclusion of repeated painful stimuli due to shifting, movements in broken limbs, etc., strong fixation of the fracture. Help: create peace, give the victim analgin or pyramidon, in cold weather - warm the victim.
2. Violation of breathing. It may be due to tongue retraction, blockage of the respiratory tract by foreign bodies: vomit, blood, mucus, water, and also due to respiratory arrest. Signs of respiratory arrest: no visible respiratory movements, the victim may turn blue or pale.
Help with blockage of the airways: gauze or a clean cloth wound around a finger, or an instrument, clean the mouth and deeper sections of the pharynx from foreign bodies, turn the head or the entire victim to the side. When the tongue sinks, you can insert a dense rubber tube with a diameter of 1-1.5 cm and a special air duct along the finger behind the root of the tongue by 1-2 cm.
Attention: - when cleaning the mouth and inserting the tube with a finger, control the position of the tongue so as not to push it into the depth;
When cleaning the mouth and throat, be careful not to leave a cloth or gauze in the throat.
Help with stopping breathing. Artificial respiration is performed "mouth to mouth" or through the above tube. When performing artificial respiration, the nose of the victim should be clamped. Artificial respiration in children is carried out immediately through the nose and mouth. For hygienic purposes, you can put a gauze napkin on the victim's mouth.
Artificial respiration technique "mouth to mouth" or through a breathing tube. The performer of artificial respiration, after a sufficiently deep breath, presses his mouth to the victim's mouth or takes a breathing tube into his mouth and exhales vigorously. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the air does not come out of the victim's mouth. The exit occurs independently, the frequency of artificial respiration is 14-18 times per minute.
3. Cardiac arrest. Signs: the disappearance of the pulse, pallor of the skin, at the same time respiratory arrest. Help - indirect heart massage. The victim is laid on his back, on a hard surface, more conveniently - at the height of the dining table. The assisting person stands on the left, puts his left hand on the lower end of the sternum and with force squeezes the chest strictly vertically, additionally pressing on the left hand with the right. Such compressions are performed 60 times per minute, the chest is compressed by 3-4 cm. At the same time, artificial respiration is performed. If assistance is provided by one person, then for every 4-5 compressions, 1 breath is taken.
With the effectiveness of this event, a pulse appears, pallor decreases, the pupils narrow and, finally, the independent activity of the heart is restored.
This event is especially important in case of electrical injury, in cases where the victim was drowning.
The text of the document is verified by:
"Compendium of Guidance on Ensuring
traffic safety and licensing
vehicles regardless of the form
property and belongings,
1997
04.09.2019
Carrying out activities for and compliance with road safety rules is an integral part of the work activity of professional drivers of vehicles.
In their work there are specific types of instruction, characteristic only for this profession.
One of these is a seasonal briefing conducted by the labor protection unit together with the head of the driver unit.
It has certain goals and has some features related to the specifics of the driver's profession.
concept
The concept of this type of instruction is inextricably linked with the natural conditions in which driving is carried out.
Seasonal briefing is carried out to prepare both rolling stock and drivers for the new season, respectively, cold or warm.
Training is conducted with the entire composition of drivers, regardless of the category of controlled equipment.
The timing and duration of the events are established by the order of the organization's management - the order of the head with obligatory visas of the labor protection unit and other responsible persons.
Also, the timing of such events varies depending on the climatic zone in which the organization is located and the working conditions.
So, in warm climatic zones, seasonal instruction is carried out twice a year: in mid-spring and mid-autumn. In a harsh cold climate, the dates are accordingly shifted to summer and early autumn.
In what cases is it carried out?
Conducting seasonal briefing is due solely to natural and climatic conditions.
When the temperature changes, driving conditions also change, weather factors are also taken into account in terms of equipment and maintenance of equipment.
During the cold season, drivers should pay more attention to observing the speed limit, monitor the condition of heaters and be careful in snowy weather.
AT summer time Drivers' attention should be directed towards compliance with fire safety, engine temperature status and traffic conditions.
It is on the factors of driving in various climatic conditions that attention is paid to during the seasonal briefing.
The implementation of these measures, as usual, coincides with the preparation of automotive equipment for a certain season.
The main thing is the obligation to carry out preventive measures for labor protection among all drivers at least 2 times a year.
In an unstable climate or sudden changes in weather conditions, management may schedule an unscheduled seasonal briefing.
Procedure for road safety
The procedure for carrying out these activities consists of several mandatory stages:
conclusions
Seasonal training is a necessary and mandatory means of organizing motor transport to reduce violations of the rules of behavior on the road, reduce injuries during the operation of vehicles and maintain road safety.
The obligatory nature of events allows responsible persons to develop an effective set of measures for this type of training.
The article describes typical situations. To solve your problem- or |
TRAFFIC SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS (RTS). GENERAL INFORMATION.
Any approved instruction used in the conduct of briefings, as well as job description, carries a message to action. The purpose of the instruction is to bring to the instructed what to do in the event of any situation and (or) the procedure for actions under certain circumstances in which the risk of loss of life or health of both the driver and other persons increases. The task of the person responsible for traffic safety is to form a package of instructions for himself for all the circumstances and cases that may arise for persons operating vehicles. Thus, the road traffic officer forms an important tool for ensuring road safety in his organization. The content instructions can be divided into the following topics:- operation during the change of season;
- operation when changing the time of day;
- operation of vehicles on the road;
- operation of transport depending on the type of transport;
- mode of work and rest;
- traffic accident;
- Fire safety;
- provision of first aid.
CONTENTS OF ROAD SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS (RTD).
Availability of finished and approved instructions for road traffic is in the area of responsibility of the person providing road traffic safety. Who makes the instructions? You can (preferably need to) compose it yourself based on the form you already have. Very often, many simply download from the Internet and, without going into the meaning, they say to the manager. After that, the instruction is placed in a folder for a long time and gets out of there only if the supervisory authority asks. Let's work the right way. We must understand:- the internal content of the instruction must not contradict regulations operating in the field of labor protection in general;
- the internal content of the instructions should correspond to the specifics of your organization.
- in the competence of the source;
- in the correct content of the instructions.
LEGAL VALIDITY OF ROAD SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS (RTD).
As a result, responsible person according to road safety a package must be formed road safety instructions for car drivers. These instructions must be approved by the head and each driver must be familiarized with each instruction against signature. Approved new instruction or a package of instructions through an internal Order.HOW TO WORK WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR TRAFFIC SAFETY (RTS).
…this is a separate topic, which is covered in the corresponding training.
- We inform you that we have a prepared set road safety instructions, meets all the necessary requirements. This set of 15 instructions is included in a ready-made template pack. normative documents for internal use (more than 90 samples ready for work).
You will save time and nerves on searching for the necessary instructions, as well as spend minimal time (or maybe not at all) to edit them for the specifics of your organization.
Road safety briefings (hereinafter referred to as road safety briefings) are mandatory for all drivers. If the driver has not been instructed, he should not be allowed to work on the line. During the briefing, employees are informed:
- about weather conditions on the route;
- places of rest and eating, parking of vehicles;
- phones on duty of the subdivisions of the State traffic inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia along the route of movement;
- features of traffic safety and operation of transport during seasonal weather changes;
- causes and circumstances of road accidents that occurred earlier with employees of the organization;
- the route of the vehicle, the location of the points of medical care, actions in case of lagging behind the traffic schedule;
- rules for loading vehicles and carrying out weight and dimensional control during the transportation of goods.
This is indicated in paragraph 15 of the Rules for ensuring the safety of transportation, approved by order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated January 15, 2014 No. 7 (hereinafter referred to as the Rules dated January 15, 2014 No. 7).
There are four types of road safety briefings: introductory, pre-trip, seasonal and special (clause 16 of the Rules of January 15, 2014 No. 7).
Attention: Do not confuse road safety briefings with labor safety briefings. They are carried out independently of each other. It is possible to combine, for example, an introductory briefing on traffic safety with an introductory briefing on labor protection. Such a general briefing can be carried out by a labor protection specialist who has been certified in road safety. At the same time, the results of the briefings are recorded in different journals.
For employees who use official vehicles, but do not work as drivers, it is also necessary to conduct road safety briefings.
If the organization does not have a road safety specialist, any employee who has completed qualification training can conduct briefings.
Introductory briefing on road safety
An introductory briefing on traffic safety is carried out with all drivers upon employment, regardless of skill level and length of service.
Who conducts
The officer responsible for the organization of road safety.
What to instruct
- General information about the organization - the size and structure of the fleet of vehicles, types of transportation.
- Requirements for the driver on the organization and safe operation Vehicle.
- Internal labor regulations.
- The procedure for passing pre-trip and post-trip medical examinations.
- The procedure for passing the pre-trip control of the technical condition of the vehicle.
- Norms of loading of vehicles, for passenger transportation - passenger capacity.
- Peculiarities of servicing the disabled in passenger transportation.
- Basic data on accidents on the route network, circumstances and causes of accidents.
- Documents required for the carriage of passengers or goods.
Where to fix
In the magazine introductory briefing according to BDD.
Situation: How is the certification of a person responsible for ensuring road safety carried out?
At each enterprise that carries out transportation by road and urban ground electric transport, a person responsible for ensuring road safety is appointed, who has been certified for the right to engage in the relevant activity.
The procedure for certification of the responsible person is provided for by the order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated March 29, 2017 No. 106.
Certification takes place in the regional certification commission. The commission is formed by the Ministry of Transport of Russia from representatives of the territorial Rostransnadzor and FBU Rosavtotrans.
The schedule of meetings of the certification commissions is approved for a year and posted on the FBU Rosavtotrans website at the beginning of this year.
In order to pass certification, a specialist places an application on the FBU Rosavtotrans website no later than 12 calendar days before the date of certification, in which he indicates:
- FULL NAME.;
- date of birth;
- SNILS;
- E-mail address;
- mailing address;
- estimated date, time and place of attestation.
On the day of certification, the specialist provides the commission with:
- an application for certification, which contains:
- FULL NAME.;
- date of birth;
- place of residence;
- citizenship;
- place of work and position;
- phone number;
- E-mail address;
- mailing address;
- details of a passport or other identity document;
- SNILS;
– consent to the processing of personal data;
- signature; - passport or other identity document and its copy;
- documents on education and qualifications in accordance with subparagraph 16.3 of paragraph 16 of the order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated September 28, 2015 No. 287 and their copies.
Certification takes place in the form of testing of 20 multiple-choice questions. The specialist is given 30 minutes to answer all questions. To pass certification, you need to answer 18 questions.
Questions for testing are used from the list of questions, which is approved by the Ministry of Transport of Russia in agreement with the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The list is posted on the website of the Ministry of Transport of Russia.
Attention: the list of questions for certification has not yet been approved.
The decision on whether the specialist passed certification or not, the commission draws up a protocol. An extract from the protocol is issued to a specialist at his request.
If a specialist has not passed certification, he can re-apply for certification no earlier than seven working days after the previous certification.
Pre-trip briefing on road safety
Pre-trip briefing is carried out before the driver leaves the route for the first time, before transporting children and dangerous, bulky and heavy cargo.
Who conducts
Pre-trip briefing is carried out by an employee of the dispatch service.
What to instruct
- The length of the route, road conditions, the presence of dangerous sections and places of concentration of accidents, features of the organization of traffic.
- Final, intermediate points of the route, places of rest, meals, change of drivers (if necessary), parking of vehicles.
- Location on the route of medical and technical assistance, posts of the State traffic inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, dispatch centers, bus stations and bus stations.
- Working conditions of the driver with an increase in the intensity of traffic and pedestrian flows.
- Traffic safety during student holidays.
- Information about changes in the organization of transportation, about the peculiarities of the passage of railway crossings, overpasses and other artificial structures, the use of ferry crossings and floating bridges.
- Precautions when overcoming long descents and ascents.
- Actions of the driver in case of lagging behind the schedule for reasons beyond his control (when transporting passengers on regular routes).
- Features of boarding, disembarking and transportation of disabled people.
- Features of the bus delivery to the place of boarding passengers (when transporting children).
- Features of boarding and disembarking children, their transportation, the interaction of the driver with persons accompanying children (when transporting children).
Where to fix
In the pre-trip briefing on traffic safety.
Seasonal road safety briefing
Seasonal road safety briefing is carried out with all drivers twice a year: in spring-summer and autumn-winter periods. For example, in April-May and October-November.
Who conducts
What to instruct
- Features of the operation and management of vehicles in the spring-summer and autumn-winter periods.
- Ensuring road safety in difficult weather and road conditions.
Where to fix
Special briefing on road safety
Special briefing is carried out to inform drivers of urgent information when:
- regulations come into force legal acts that affect the professional activities of drivers;
- the route and traffic conditions that affect road safety have changed;
- there was an accident with human casualties, significant material and environmental damage;
- committed or there is a threat of committing a terrorist act.
Who conducts
The immediate supervisor of the driver (head of the convoy) within the time limits set by the employer.
What to instruct
- Assessment of the situation in connection with which the briefing is carried out.
- A guide to action for the driver in a particular situation.
Where to fix
In the register of seasonal and special road safety briefings.
08/05/2014 (updated on 05/09/2019) - We present to your attention the road safety instructions. The instruction includes eight chapters: 1) general requirements for labor protection; 2) labor protection requirements before starting work; 3) requirements for labor protection when performing work; 4) requirements for labor protection during loading and unloading operations; 5) container transportation; 6) requirements for loading and unloading areas; 7) requirements for labor protection upon completion of work; 8) labor protection requirements in emergency situations.
See also: overalls, work shoes and personal protective equipmentChapter 1. General requirements on labor protection
1. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, training (courses) and have a certificate issued by the State traffic inspectorate for the right to drive a vehicle of this category and a coupon for it are allowed to drive vehicles.
A certificate for the right to drive a vehicle is presented to the dispatcher before leaving the line upon receipt waybill.
2. Workers, specialists and managers may be allowed to drive a vehicle only after checking the knowledge of the Rules of the Road and this instruction.
Books on attestation of workplaces in terms of working conditions in, "Bamboo" (Ukraine)
3. When working on vehicles, the following harmful and dangerous production factors are possible:
moving machines and mechanisms;
increased dust content in the air of the working area;
increased or decreased air temperature of the working area;
increased air humidity in the working area;
increased air movement;
neuropsychic overload;
in the process of working on vehicles, contact with harmful substances: leaded gasoline, antifreeze, exhaust gases and others;
moving parts of mechanisms, electrical wires and current-carrying parts of electrical appliances of vehicles;
work in cramped conditions during the repair and adjustment of units and systems of vehicles;
the possibility of a fire, both during the movement of the vehicle and during its repair in connection with the use of flammable liquids as fuel;
noise, vibration, low light.
4. Employees must comply with the requirements of the "Rules of the Road" and the internal labor regulations.
5. Employees are prohibited from:
drive a vehicle in a sick state, with overwork, alcohol or drug intoxication or with residual effects of intoxication (see. sobriety control);
the use of alcoholic beverages on the flight, in places of rest and work on the track;
rest and sleep in the cab with the engine running, use it to heat the cab during long periods of parking;
Smoking is allowed only in specially designated areas.
6. When passing and driving through the territory of the organization, you should use only the established passages and driveways.
7. When leaving the line, have with you:
certificate for the right to drive a vehicle of this category;
vehicle registration documents;
itinerary or itinerary.
8. Employees must know and observe the rules of personal hygiene, must be able to provide first aid to the victim in an accident.
9. Vehicle management employees are prohibited from:
use while driving mobile phone. The use of a mobile phone while driving is allowed only if the vehicle is equipped with a hands-free kit and (or) a device that allows hands-free conversations;
carry out repair of the vehicle and its maintenance on the carriageway;
create an obstacle to traffic or a danger to traffic;
operate the vehicle in violation of the requirements environmental safety not registered in in due course that has not passed the state technical inspection;
allow pollution of roads and the environment.
10. Employees are obliged to assist and cooperate with the employer in ensuring healthy and safe working conditions, immediately notify their immediate supervisor or otherwise executive the employer about the malfunction of equipment, tools, devices, vehicles, protective equipment, about the deterioration of his health.
11. Employees who do not comply with the requirements of the labor protection instructions and traffic rules are held liable in accordance with the current legislation.
Chapter 2. Requirements for labor protection before starting work
12. Technical condition, equipment and completeness of vehicles must comply with the requirements of standards, manufacturer's instructions, traffic rules.
13. Before starting work, the employee must:
put on and put in order overalls;
check the availability of a certificate for the right to drive a vehicle of this category and a coupon for a driver's license, registration document per vehicle, as well as the presence necessary documentation(waybill, document for transported cargo, etc.).
check the technical serviceability of the vehicle;
check the availability of a set of serviceable tools, wheel chocks, an emergency stop sign, a first-aid kit, a towing device;
Check for fire extinguishers.
14. When checking the technical condition of the vehicle, the employee must:
make sure that there is no external damage to the vehicle;
check its completeness;
check the technical condition of the parts of the vehicle that directly affect traffic safety;
pay attention to refueling the car with fuel, oil, water and brake fluid, the electrolyte level in the battery.
15. In case of detection of malfunctions of the vehicle, the employee does not have the right to go to the line until they are eliminated.
Chapter 3. Requirements for labor protection when performing work
16. Safety requirements when starting a car engine.
Before starting the engine, make sure that the car is braked with the parking brake and the gear lever is in neutral.
in the cold season, to ensure a reliable start of the engine, it is necessary to preheat it. To warm up the engine, use hot water, steam or hot air. It is forbidden to heat the engine with an open flame.
for gas-balloon cars, the engine must be started on one type of fuel: gas or gasoline.
before turning on the ignition, starting the engine or turning on electrical lighting devices, it is necessary to keep the hood open for some time to vent the gas from the engine compartment, and then check the serviceability of the gas equipment, pipelines and connections.
The driver must start the car engine using a starter. The starter handle may only be used in exceptional cases.
17. When starting the car engine with the starting handle, the following requirements must be observed:
turn the starting handle from top to bottom;
do not take the handle in the girth;
when adjusting the ignition timing, set the ignition later;
do not use any levers and amplifiers acting on the crank or crankshaft ratchet.
19. Safety requirements when refueling a car with fuel.
20. The driver must refuel the car in accordance with the safety requirements established for filling points, which must be posted in a conspicuous place.
21. When refueling a car, it is prohibited:
carry out repair and adjustment work;
transfer the car from one type of fuel to another;
leave the car unattended;
fill the vehicle with fuel while the engine is running;
allow fuel overflow;
start the car engine if gasoline is spilled near the car (before it evaporates);
be passengers in the cabin, cabin or body.
22. When refueling a car in the winter season, refueling nozzles should only be taken with gloves, taking special care and avoiding dousing and getting fuel on the skin of the hands and body.
23. When refueling a LPG vehicle with liquefied or compressed natural gas, the driver must:
turn off the ignition;
set the car to the parking brake and ground;
secure the car with portable wedges;
close the main valve; the flow valves must be open.
24. When refueling a gas-balloon car, it is prohibited:
fill with gas cylinders for which the period of the appointed examination has expired, the body is damaged (cracks, a noticeable change in shape, dents, deep scratches, severe corrosion), valves are faulty, there is no proper coloring or inscriptions, there are no established brands;
fill cylinders with gas when a gas leak is detected in gas pipelines or connections;
stand near the filling hose or cylinders while filling the cylinders;
tighten nuts and connections, make adjustments and gas valve repair under pressure;
knocking with metal objects on fittings and gas pipelines under pressure;
leave the car unattended during refueling;
keep the car connected to the filling station when it is not refueling;
refueling a car during a thunderstorm;
carry out any work near the car that is not related to refueling;
smoking and using open fire;
check the tightness of the connection of gas equipment by fire;
allow unauthorized persons to the gas station.
25. If the cylinder of a LPG car is overfilled with more than the limit level (85% of its volume), it is necessary to take the car to a safe area and generate excess gas.
26. Upon completion of refueling, the driver must:
check the tightness of the cylinder valve with a soap emulsion;
remove grounding;
remove wedge shoes;
turn on the ignition;
start the engine and leave the territory of the filling station.
27. If, after refueling, the engine gives interruptions (pops) at start-up, it should be immediately turned off, and the car rolled back or towed at a distance of at least 15 m from the filling station.
28. It is forbidden to transfer the car from one type of fuel to another within a radius of 15 m from the filling station.
29. Safety requirements for the use of leaded gasoline.
30. When refueling a car with leaded gasoline, the driver must comply with the following safety requirements:
refueling from a gas station with a hose equipped with a dispensing gun;
when refueling, be on the windward side of the vehicle.
refuel a car with leaded gasoline using watering cans, etc., as well as receive leaded gasoline in containers (canisters);
use leaded gasoline for washing parts, cleaning clothes, and washing hands;
neutralize places flooded with leaded gasoline, dry bleach;
transport leaded gasoline on vehicles together with other cargo, together with people, as well as in the bodies of cars. The person accompanying the truck with leaded gasoline must be in the cab;
store cleaning materials soaked in leaded gasoline in the cab or car body;
suck leaded gasoline in your mouth through the hose and purge the fuel system.
32. If the smell of gasoline appears while driving, the driver must immediately stop, find out the cause of the smell and eliminate it.
33. When working on the line, cleaning materials contaminated with leaded gasoline should be burned behind the curb of the road, away from the car, taking measures to prevent the spread of fire. At the same time, the driver should not leave until the materials being burned are burned and the fire goes out.
34. Safety requirements when working on the line;
follow the rules of the road;
choose the speed of movement, taking into account road conditions, visibility and visibility, the intensity and nature of the movement of vehicles and pedestrians, the characteristics and condition of the car and the cargo being transported;
do not allow sudden braking and sharp turns, do not exceed the set speed;
observe the readings of the control devices of the car;
monitor the safety of the cargo;
at nightfall, turn on lighting devices: on unlit sections of roads - high or low beam headlights, and on illuminated sections - low beam headlights and (or) marker lights.
35. When working on the line, the driver is prohibited from:
deviate from the established route and parking places;
drive with the clutch and engine disengaged;
drive a vehicle in the event of being in a state of alcoholic intoxication or under the influence of narcotic drugs and psychotropic or toxic substances, as well as use them after a traffic accident before being checked in the prescribed manner;
36. When the car is stopped, the driver, leaving the cab, must secure the car from spontaneous movement (turn off the ignition or cut off the fuel supply, set the gear lever to neutral, brake with the parking brake).
If the car is standing even on a slight slope, it is necessary to additionally place special stops (shoes) under the wheels.
37. It is forbidden during parking for drivers, loaders and other persons to rest or sleep in the cab, cabin or closed body with the engine running.
Chapter 4. Requirements for labor protection during loading and unloading operations
38. During loading and unloading operations, the driver must comply with the following safety requirements:
drive the car to the loading and unloading area so that the distance between cars standing one after another (in depth) is at least 1 m, and between cars standing side by side (along the front) - at least 1.5 m. When installing cars for loading or unloading near the wall of a building (structure), a distance of at least 0.5 m must be provided between the building and the rear side of the body, while the rear wheel of the vehicle must rest against the curb of the sidewalk or the breaking bar. The distance between the car and the stack of cargo must be at least 1 m;
when loading (unloading) goods from a flyover, platform, ramp with a height equal to the floor level of the car body, drive up close to them so that there is no passage left and thereby there is no danger of workers getting between the transport and the site;
when unloading a dump truck at a slope, ravine, etc. drive up to the slope at a distance determined from the specific conditions and the soil shedding cone;
put the car on the parking brake, put stops (shoes) under the wheels;
supervise loading and unloading operations. The load must be placed, and, if necessary, secured on the vehicle so that it does not endanger the driver and others; did not restrict the driver's visibility; did not violate the stability of the car; did not cover light and signal devices, as well as license plates and registration numbers;
dangerous goods to be accepted for transportation in specially sealed containers. On all packages containing dangerous substances, there should be labels indicating the type of hazard of the cargo, the top of the package, the presence of fragile vessels in the package;
when loading long loads(pipes, rails, logs, etc.) on a car with a trailer-dissolution, make sure that there is a gap between the shield installed behind the cab of the car and the ends of the load so that the load does not cling to the shield when turning and turning . To prevent the load from moving forward during braking and downhill driving, the load must be securely fastened.
39. When performing loading and unloading operations, the driver of the car is prohibited from being in the body and cab of the car.
40. After loading, the driver is obliged to check the compliance of the stowage and the reliability of the fastening of goods and awnings on the rolling stock with the safety requirements and ensuring the safety of goods, and in case of violations in the stowage and fastening of cargo and awnings - to demand from the person responsible for loading operations, eliminate them.
Chapter 5. Container transportation
41. During the loading of containers onto a vehicle, the driver monitors compliance with the safety regulations for loading and fastening (checks that the container is in good condition and that there are reliable ties). Installation and fastening of containers on the car is carried out according to the schemes.
42. The driver is prohibited from slinging containers and removing ties, as well as walking on the roof of containers.
43. The driver, after loading the container onto the car, checks the presence of seals and the closing of the doors of the containers. Passage of people in the body of the car is prohibited.
Chapter 6. Requirements for loading and unloading areas
44. Places of loading and unloading operations must be well lit, free from foreign objects and have a base that ensures the stability of handling equipment, stored materials and vehicles.
45. The movement of vehicles in the places of production of loading and unloading operations should be organized according to the scheme approved by the administration of the enterprise (organization), with the installation of appropriate road signs, as well as signs adopted in railway transport.
46. Passages and workplaces must be leveled and not have holes, potholes. In winter, the passages should be cleared of snow, and in case of icing, sprinkled with sand, slag or other anti-slip materials.
47. For the passage (ascent) to the workplace, sidewalks, stairs, bridges, trawls that meet safety requirements must be provided.
48. To warn of a possible danger, safety signs must be installed (posted) at the places where loading and unloading operations are carried out.
49. When placing cars on loading and unloading areas, the distance between cars standing one after another must be at least 1 m, and standing side by side (along the front) - at least 1.5 m.
50. If cars are installed for loading or unloading near buildings, an interval of at least 0.5 m must be observed between this building and the rear outline of the car, and a fender bar must be arranged on the site.
Chapter 7. Requirements for labor protection at the end of work
51. After returning from the line, the driver must:
check the completeness of the car;
check the technical condition of the parts of the car that directly affect traffic safety;
for gas-balloon vehicles, check the technical condition of the gas reducer and the tightness of the gas line connections with a soapy emulsion or device; clean all gas communications and fittings from dust and dirt; drain oil condensate from the gas reducer; in winter, drain the water from the evaporator cavity (when filling the cooling system with water);
carry out cleaning and washing works;
in case of detection of malfunctions in the car and the impossibility of their self-repair, inform the immediate supervisor to put the car for maintenance or repair;
park the car. When parking a gas-balloon car, it is necessary to close the valve on the cylinder, exhaust all the gas in the power system, then turn off the ignition. Entry into the premises intended for the storage of gas-balloon vehicles, as well as movement inside this premises, is carried out on gasoline fuel;
take off your overalls in a designated area.
52. It is forbidden to enter the garage of cars with faulty gas equipment and in the presence of a gas leak. Cars with faulty gas equipment should be stored in open areas, without gas in the power system.
Chapter 8. Requirements for labor protection in emergency situations
53. In the event of a traffic accident, the driver of the vehicle must act in accordance with the traffic regulations.
54. In the event of a fire in a car, the driver must:
take the car to a safe place;
stop the car, turn off the engine;
55. In the event of a fire on a LPG vehicle:
close the main and balloon valves with the engine running;
increase the number of revolutions of the crankshaft and quickly work out the gas remaining in the power system;
take measures to extinguish the fire with the available fire extinguishing means;
if it is impossible to eliminate the fire with the available fire extinguishing means, call the fire brigade.
56. In the event of a fire in a car or truck transporting people, it is necessary:
stop the car;
take measures to evacuate people (open the doors of a car, if it is impossible, pull out the cord and squeeze out the glass);
take measures to extinguish the fire with the available fire extinguishing means;
if it is impossible to eliminate the fire with the available fire extinguishing means, call the fire brigade.
57. In the event of an emergency depressurization of a cylinder, gas pipelines under pressure, the driver of a gas-cylinder vehicle must:
stop the car;
eliminate, if possible, the malfunction or report the incident to the enterprise;
if it is impossible to eliminate the gas leak, it is necessary to evacuate the car to a safe place away from people and sources of fire and bleed the gas into the atmosphere.
After the complete release of gas into the atmosphere and its volatilization, you can continue to work on gasoline.
Please note that you can download other materials on labor protection and certification of workplaces in terms of working conditions in organizations in the section " Occupational Safety and Health».
